Cancer Treatment Essays (1804 words) - RTT, Ribbon Symbolism

Malignant growth Treatment There are numerous approaches to treat malignant growth. Indeed, when you enter malignancy medicines into any internet browser you will discover a huge number of sites on how to treat malignant growth. A few instances of these medicines are chemotherapy, oxygen treatment, nutrient D treatment, food treatment, immunotherapy, and numerous others. Specific kinds of treatments go with particular sorts of tumors. For instance, nutrient D treatment goes with bosom malignant growth and immunotherapy goes with colon malignant growth. Malignant growth has ended the lives of a large number of individuals and I trust it is imperative to illuminate individuals regarding what medicines are coursing in the clinical calling. The human genome's undertaking will likely guide and grouping the several a huge number of qualities that make up the human genome (Johnson 222). The venture is supported together by the National Institutes of Health and the Department of Vitality and has a normal expense of 3 billion dollars (Johnson 222). The undertaking makes hereditary illnesses its core interest. More than 500,000 individuals pass on every year on account of malignant growth (Johnson 222). The genome task will have the option to distinguish unsafe innate qualities, for example, malignant growth and dispose of them. Along these lines, malignancy can be forestalled and individuals will live more. Oxygen treatment utilizes the way that the malignant growth infection is anaerobic (Gallcci 2). This implies is that malignant growth can as it were live through the nonattendance of oxygen. There have been numerous malignancy patients who have been relieved by oxygen treatment (Gallcci 2). Actually, introduction to oxygen will execute most diseases totally (Gallcci 3). In 1931 Dr. Otto Warburg was granted the Nobel Prize for Medicine for his disclosure that the reason for malignant growth is an absence of oxygen at the cell level (Gallcci 2). Researchers have removed air from bubbles saved in fossilized golden; when that air was examined it contained 38 percent oxygen (Gallcci 3). This is significant since the air which we inhale right now has a normal oxygen substance of 21 percent or less (Gallcci 3). An individual can't get by at 7 percent oxygen or then again lower. A system used to build the degree of oxygen in the body is the utilization of hydrogen peroxide or H202 (Gallcci 3). At the point when hydrogen peroxide is added to the body, the H202 changes into H20 and oxygen (Gallcci 4). The oxygen iota at that point joins to a cell, and levels of oxygen go up right away. Just food grade hydrogen peroxide can be utilized. At that point once it has been weakened it tends to be given intravenously, consumed through the skin, or ingested (Gallcci 4). Your primary care physician won't enlighten you regarding this procedure; that is, an American specialist won't. One reason is that there is no money motivator for the clinical business to advance it. In different nations, for example, Germany, Russia, and Cuba it will cost around ten U.S. dollars (Gallcci 4). Nutrient D treatment can bring down the danger of getting bosom disease up to 30% (Smith 16). An investigation on about 5,000 ladies saw this as valid. Likewise, ladies who lived in bright atmospheres had a much lower danger of getting bosom malignancy (Smith 16). The response to this wonder is nutrient D, which is created by the skin when it is presented to daylight. For the full treatment to produce results specialists prescribe introduction to coordinate daylight for about 10 to 15 minutes (Smith 17). There is a fix recipe for organ diseases. Disease is brought about by a specific parasite (Beckwith 2). It takes 60 days to kill the parasites which cause organ malignant growth (Beckwith 3). When the malignant growth is murdered it can take up to 180 days to come back to typical wellbeing (Beckwith 2). Proof for this parasite has been revealed in each kind of malignant growth known to man (Beckwith 3). More than 100 instances of organ malignant growth were relieved utilizing this natural equation (Beckwith 2). This home grown strategy for restoring malignant growths isn't upheld at all by United States specialists for a few reasons. For one, the experts of this home grown treatment dismiss logical realities. They don't accept that lung disease is brought about by smoking, colon malignancy is brought about by a low roughage diet, retinal blastoma is brought about by an uncommon heritited quality, and pancreatic malignancy is brought about by liquor utilization (Beckwith 4). Additionally, a considerable lot of the individuals which have gone on these home grown eating regimens have passed on. Thus, there is an a lot higher possibility of somebody biting the dust from utilizing the natural treatment than having their disease restored by it. This current treatment's adequacy additionally differs on the individual's

This report discuss Taguchis methods for quality Essay Example

This report talk about Taguchis techniques for quality Paper Dr Genichi Taguchi was conceived in Takamachi, Japan in 1924, a city acclaimed for the kimono business. It was just normal for him to examine material designing as he was relied upon to accept accountability of the family kimono business. Yet, in 1942 Taguchis draft notice came and between 1942-1945 he served in the Astronomical Department of the Navigational Institute in the Imperial Japanese Navy. After 1945 he worked in the service of general Health and Welfare and in the Institute of factual Mathematics (Ministry of Education). While here he met a prize winning Japanese analyst Prof. Matosaburo Masuyama, who at the time was viewed by numerous individuals as the best analyst. Under his direction, Taguchis learned a significant part of the utilization of symmetrical clusters and trial structure procedures. He additionally added to numerous modern analyses that managed the creation of penicillin, and the name Genichi Taguchi picked up acknowledgment. We will compose a custom paper test on This report examine Taguchis techniques for quality explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on This report talk about Taguchis strategies for quality explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on This report talk about Taguchis strategies for quality explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer In 1950, he was recruited by the Electrical Communication Laboratory (ECL). During this time, both ECL and Bell Laboratories were creating cross bar and phone exchanging frameworks. Chipping away at the undertaking for ECL furnished Taguchi with a lot of chances for experimentation and information investigation. After six years, Taguchi and ECL had finished the frameworks venture. Around a similar time, Bell Labs finished its variant. Nippon ATT granted an agreement to ECL, nonetheless, for its boss creation. During this period, Taguchi additionally discovered time to compose Experimental Design and Life Test Analysis and Design of Experiments for Engineers (the aftereffect of working in the business for a long time). In 1960, the last book earned him the Deming Prize for his commitments to the field of value designing. This is one of Japans most lofty honors. Two years and a doctorate in science later, Taguchi composed a second release of Design of Experiments that presented modern research on the sign to-clamor proportion. He left the utilize of ECL, yet kept up his relationship in a counseling limit. In the wake of turning out to be a piece of the partner investigate staff of the Japanese Standards Association, Taguchi established the Quality Research Group. Since 1963, the gathering has met once per month to examine industry applications. In 1962 Kyushu University granted Taguchi with his PHD. When Aoyama Gakuin University in Japan welcomed him to educate in 1965, Taguchi said yesand remained there for a long time. Before Taguchis appearance, the University had no designing division. Much appreciated to some degree to Taguchi, it presently does. Dr. Taguchi built up the idea of the Quality Loss Factor in the mid 1970s; he likewise distributed the third (current) release of Design of Experiments By the mid 80s, Taguchi was becoming well known in the United States. Passage Motor Co. had been acquainted with Taguchis strategies through a Ford provider. Passage was very intrigued and Taguchi was welcome to give classes to Ford administrators in 1982. By 1983 he was official executive of the Ford Supplier Institute, Inc. (which would inevitably change its name to the American Supplier Institute). Taguchi got two additional honors in 1986. For his remarkable commitments to Japanese financial aspects and industry, he got the Indigo Ribbon from the Emperor of Japan. This was trailed by the International Technology Institutes Willard F. Rockwell Medal for joining building and measurable techniques to accomplish fast upgrades in cost and quality by enhancing item structure and assembling forms. ASQ isn't the main quality association to present privileged participation on Taguchi. In 1995, the Japanese Society of Quality Control respected him with a like enrollment.

How Projective Tests Are Used to Measure Personality

How Projective Tests Are Used to Measure Personality Theories Personality Psychology Print How Projective Tests Are Used to Measure Personality By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on April 22, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 25, 2020 Val Loh / Getty Images More in Theories Personality Psychology Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology In This Article Table of Contents Expand History Methods Types Weaknesses View All Back To Top A  projective test  is a type of  personality test  in which you offer responses to ambiguous scenes, words, or images.?? The goal of such tests is to uncover the hidden conflicts or emotions that you project  onto the test with the hope that these issues can then be addressed through psychotherapy  or other appropriate treatments. How Projective Tests Came About This type of test emerged from the psychoanalytic school of thought, which suggested that people have unconscious thoughts or urges. Projective tests are intended to uncover feelings, desires, and conflicts that are hidden from conscious awareness. By interpreting responses to ambiguous cues, psychoanalysts hope to uncover unconscious feelings that might be causing problems in a persons life. Despite controversy over their use, projective tests remain quite popular and are extensively used in both clinical and forensic settings. Recent research shows that while training in projective testing in psychology graduate settings has rapidly declined over the past decade or so, at least one projective test was noted as one of the top five tests used in practice for 50 percent of 28 worldwide survey-based studies.?? What Is the Unconscious? How Projective Tests Work In many projective tests, you are shown an ambiguous image and then asked to give the first response that comes to mind. The key to projective tests is the ambiguity of the stimuli. According to the theory behind such tests, using clearly defined questions can result in answers that are carefully crafted by the conscious mind. When youre asked a straightforward question about a particular topic, you have to spend time consciously creating an answer. This can introduce biases and even untruths, whether or not youre trying to deceive the test provider. For example, a respondent might give answers  that are perceived as more socially acceptable or desirable but are perhaps not the most accurate reflection of his or her true feelings or behavior. By providing you with a question or stimulus that is not clear, your underlying and unconscious motivations or  attitudes  are revealed. The hope is that because of the ambiguous nature of the questions, people might be less able to rely on possible hints about what they think the tester expects to see and are less tempted to fake good, or make themselves look good, as a result. How Attitudes Change and Influence Behaviors Types of Projective Tests There are a number of different types of projective tests. Here are a few of the best-known examples: The Rorschach Inkblot Test: This test was one of the first projective tests developed and continues to be one of the best-known and most widely used. Developed by Swiss psychiatrist Hermann Rorschach in 1921, the test consists of 10 different cards that depict an ambiguous inkblot.?? Youre shown one card at a time and asked to describe what you see in the image. The responses are recorded verbatim by the tester. Gestures, the tone of voice, and other reactions are also noted. The results of the test can vary depending on which of the many existing scoring systems the examiner uses.The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT): In the TAT test, youre asked to look at a series of ambiguous scenes and then to tell a story describing the scene, including what is happening, how the characters are feeling, and how the story will end. The examiner then scores the test based on the needs, motivations, and anxieties of the main character, as well as how the story eventually turns out.??The Draw-A-Pers on Test:  This type of projective test involves exactly what you might imagine: you draw a person and the image you created is then assessed by the examiner. The test interpreter might look at factors such as the size of particular parts of the body or features, the level of detail given to the figure, as well as the overall shape of the drawing.  Like other projective tests, the Draw-A-Person test has been criticized for its lack of validity. While a test interpreter might suggest that certain aspects of the drawing are indicative of particular psychological tendencies, many might argue that it simply means that the subject has poor drawing skills.  The test has been used as a measure of intelligence in children, but research comparing scores on the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence to the Draw-A-Person test found a very low correlation between the two scores.??The House-Tree-Person Test:  In this type of projective test, youre asked to draw a house, a tree, and a person. Once the drawing is complete, youre asked a series of questions about the images youve drawn.  The test was originally designed by John Buck and included a series of 60 questions to ask the respondent, although test administrators may also come up with their own questions or follow-up queries to further explore the subjects responses. For example, the test administrator might ask of the house drawing: Who lives here?,  Who visits the person who lives here?, and Is the occupant happy? Weaknesses Projective tests are most frequently used in therapeutic settings. In many cases, therapists use these tests to learn qualitative information about you. Some therapists may use projective tests as a sort of icebreaker to encourage you to discuss issues or examine your thoughts and emotions. While projective tests have some benefits, they also have a number of weaknesses and limitations, including: The respondents answers can be heavily influenced by the examiners attitudes or the test setting.Scoring projective tests is highly subjective, so interpretations of answers can vary dramatically from one examiner to the next.Projective tests that do not have standard grading scales tend to lack both validity and reliability. Validity refers to whether or not a test is measuring what it purports to measure, while reliability refers to the consistency of the test results. The Problem With Personality Testing

World War II The Great War - 1334 Words

World War II The devastation of the Great War (as World War I was known at the time) had greatly destabilized Europe, and in many respects World War II grew out of issues left unresolved by that. In particular, political and economic instability in Germany and lingering resentment over the harsh terms imposed by the Versailles Treaty, fueled the rise to power of Adolf Hitler and his National Socialist (Nazi) Party. The years between the first and second world wars were a time of instability during the worldwide Great Depression that began around 1930. It was also a time when some nations, including Germany, Italy and Japan developed intense nationalist feelings that led to a desire to expand: Germany in Northern and Eastern Europe, Italy in Africa and Greece, and Japan in Asia and the South Pacific. Germany had the added motivation of overturning (and ultimately avenging) the harsh terms forced on it at the conclusion of the First World War. In late August 1939 Hitler and Soviet lead er, Joseph Stalin, signed the German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact, which incited a frenzy of worry in London and Paris. Hitler had long planned an invasion of Poland, a nation to which Great Britain and France had guaranteed military support if it was attacked by Germany. The pact with Stalin meant that Hitler would not face a war on two fronts once he invaded Poland, and would have Soviet assistance in conquering and dividing the nation itself. On September 1, 1939, Hitler invaded Poland fromShow MoreRelatedWorld War II : The Great War1083 Words   |  5 PagesWorld War II The devastation left by the Great War (aka World War 1) had greatly destabilized Europe, and in many aspects World War II grew out of issues left unresolved by the conflicts of WW1. In particular, political and economic instability in Germany left by the harsh punishments and terms imposed by the Versailles Treaty, fueled the rise to power of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi party. In the years between the first and second world wars there was a time of great instability with aRead MoreWorld War II : The Great War884 Words   |  4 PagesWorld War 1 also known as The Great War started for a number of explanations; discrimination and imperialism, militarism nationalism, and alliance. According to the World of information imperialism is the policy which is expanding the country’s power and acquiring new land or countries by force. Militarism is when a country wants to preserve the strongest and most defensive military strength. Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Ottoman Empire where central powers of WW1 but the allied powers where FranceRead MoreWorld War II : The World s Second Great War960 Words   |  4 PagesWorld War II-- also known as The Holocaust / The Genocide -- was the world s second Great War . World War II was much more larger in scale and more longer in duration. World War I had only lasted for four years, while World War II had lasted for six years. I find it quite interesting that contrary to popular belief; the United States did not enter World War II until 2 years after the genesis of the conflict. It was only in 1941, when the Japanese had bombed Pearl Harbor that the United StatesRead MoreWorld War II And The Great Depression1658 Words   |  7 Pages The highly numbered risks of war have rigorous effects on societies around the world. World War II had positive and negative effects during and after the war. After the war, the formation of the United Nations helped negotiate and maintain peace, and during the war more jobs helped get the United States out of its biggest economic crisis, the Great Depression. Although, some economists argue that by creating more jobs during World War II, put America into even more debt than the country was alreadyRead MoreWorld War II : The Great Depression1543 Words   |  7 PagesDanielle Gentry Gary Damon American History II 10:00 MWF 25 April 2016 World War II Two decades after the first World War happen another world war occurred known as World War II. There were many causes that led up to this war. The Treaty of Versailles ended World War I, but Germany had to accept the responsibility of the war. Therefore, Germany economy went downhill and people were starving because of war debt. The Great Depression had a big effect on a lot of countries; therefore, countries startedRead MoreThe Great Depression And World War II Essay1391 Words   |  6 Pagescatastrophes occurred: the Great Depression and World War II. American political leaders established a cause-effect relationship between economic collapse and total war, based on these two events, which defined their policy approach in the post-war period. In the 1930s, American leadership, and most importantly, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, came to view economic decline, political radicalization, and instability as forming a vicious cycle that led to utter chaos and war. Although FDR d id not knowRead MoreThe Great Depression And World War II1507 Words   |  7 PagesFaced with the Great Depression and World War II, Franklin D. Roosevelt, nicknamed â€Å"FDR,† guided America through its greatest domestic crisis, with the exception of the Civil War, and its greatest foreign crisis. His presidency—which spanned twelve years—was unparalleled, not only in length but in scope. FDR took office with the country mired in a horrible and debilitating economic depression that not only sapped its material wealth and spiritual strength, but cast a pall over its future. RooseveltRead MoreThe Great Depression And World War II1280 Words   |  6 PagesSisters of Growth Throughout the beginning of time people have used art to express themselves. With each major, and minor, there is an artist that captures the world as it is around him. There are also artists that create fiction to give the world and escape from reality. The medium of art that will be discussed in this essay will be film. Since the invention of Thomas Jefferson kinecto graph and the Lumiere brothers cinemtograph, films have continued to be the most popular entertainment methodsRead MoreThe Great Depression And World War II955 Words   |  4 PagesIn America, the period between the Great Depression and World War II was rife with uncertainty. The struggles of the Great Depression were over, but their lasting effects shed doubt on America’s future. Persephone, was an attempt by Thomas Hart Benton in 1939 to cement regionalism as the official American art style during this era. However, despite his attempt to promote hope in America’s future, while still acknowledging the despair of the Great Depression, Persephone was regarded as obscene. RegionalismRead MoreWorld War II : The Great People s War1529 Words   |  7 PagesWorld War II (The Great People’s War) was of deep importance to the formation of today’s international relations system, however the following periods after this war between the greatest powers in the world are also of great significance. The analysis of those periods and their impact on world history will be the first approach of this assessment. It is important to clarify that these periods cannot be annualized as isolated events that happened in History, but related events that in a way or another

Earths Second Moon - Do We Have One

Time after time, claims have been made that Earth has more than one moon. Starting in the 19th century, astronomers have sought these other bodies. While the press might refer to some of the discovered objects as our second (or even third) moon, the reality is that the Moon  or Luna is the only one we have. To understand why, lets be clear on what makes a moon a moon. What Makes the Moon a Moon In order to qualify as a true moon, a body must be a natural satellite in orbit around a planet. Because a moon must be natural, none of the artificial satellites or spacecraft orbiting the Earth may be called a moon. Theres no restriction on the size of a moon, so although most people think of a moon as a round object, there are small moons with irregular shapes. The Martian moons Phobos and Deimos fall into this category. Yet even without a size restriction, there really arent any objects that orbit the Earth, at least not long enough to matter. Quasi-satellites of Earth When you read in the news about mini-moons or second moons, usually this refers to quasi-satellites. While quasi-satellites dont orbit the Earth, they are near the planet and orbit the Sun about the same distance away as us. Quasi-satellites are considered to be in 1:1 resonance with Earth, but their orbit isnt tied to the gravity of the Earth or even the Moon. If the Earth and Moon suddenly vanished, the orbits of these bodies would be largely unaffected. Examples of quasi-satellites include 2016 HO3, 2014 OL339, 2013 LX28, 2010 SO16, (277810) 2006 FV35, (164207) 2004 GU9, 2002 AA29, and 3753 Cruithne. Some of these quasi-satellites have staying power. For example, 2016 HO3 is a small asteroid (40 to 100 meters across) that loops around Earth as it orbits the Sun. Its orbit is tilted a bit, compared with that of Earth, so it appears to bob up and down with respect to Earths orbital plane. While its too far away to be a moon and doesnt orbit the Earth, it has been a close companion and will continue to be one for hundreds of years. In contrast, 2003 YN107 had a similar orbit, but left the area over a decade ago. 3753 Cruithne Cruithne is noteworthy for being the object most often called Earths second moon and the one most likely to become one in the future. Cruithne is an asteroid about 5 kilometers (3 miles) wide that was discovered in 1986. Its a quasi-satellite that orbits the Sun and not the Earth, but at the time of its discovery, its complex orbit made it appear that it might be a true moon. Cruithnes orbit is affected by Earths gravity, though. At present, the Earth and the asteroid return to about the same position relative to each other each year. It wont collide with Earth because its orbit is inclined (at an angle) to ours. In another 5,000 years or so, the asteroids orbit will change. At that time, it might truly orbit the Earth and be considered a moon. Even then, it will only be a temporary moon, escaping after another 3,000 years. Trojans (Lagrangian Objects) Jupiter, Mars, and Neptune were known to have trojans, which are objects that share the orbit of the planet and remain in the same position with respect to it. In 2011, NASA announced the discovery of the first Earth trojan, 2010 TK7. In general, trojans are located at Lagrangian points of stability (are Lagrangian objects), either 60 ° ahead of or behind the planet. 2010 TK7 precedes the Earth in its orbit. The asteroid is about 300 meters (1000 feet) in diameter. Its orbit oscillates around Lagrangian points L4 and L3, bringing it to its closest approach every 400 years. The closest approach is about 20 million kilometers, which is over 50 times the distance between the Earth and the Moon. At the time of its discovery, it took the Earth about 365.256 days to orbit the Sun, while 2010 TK7 completed the journey in 365.389 days. Temporary Satellites If youre okay with a moon being a temporary visitor, then there are small objects transiently orbiting the Earth that might be considered moons. According to astrophysicists Mikael Ganvik, Robert Jedicke, and Jeremie Vaubaillon, there is at least one natural object around 1-meter in diameter orbiting the Earth at any given time. Usually these temporary moons remain in orbit for several months before escaping again or falling to Earth as a meteor. References and Further Reading Granvik, Mikael; Jeremie Vaubaillon; Robert Jedicke (December 2011). The population of natural Earth satellites.  Icarus.  218: 63.   Bakich, Michael E.  The Cambridge Planetary Handbook. Cambridge University Press, 2000, p. 146,

Analysis Of The Play After Seeing Mary Stuart

I was really looking forward to watching this play after seeing Mary Stuart. I came into the play only knowing that the play was about couples. I liked coming into to the play not really knowing what to expect from the storyline. I thought that the play was going to be about the couples interacting more with one another as opposed to interacting in the individual couples. Since the play is named cul-de-sac I assumed that there would be more interaction from the â€Å"cul-de-sac† all-together other than the few awkward encounters. I think I thought that the play was missing a climax. I am not sure when the climax or the height of the play was reached. I think that the lack of a climax comes from the vagueness of the character objectives. I†¦show more content†¦Johnson character could have been looking for happiness in his job, in his own personal life, or in his marriage. However, the only true happiness seeking action we see him do is chase his wife around the kitchen . I also thought there was a lot going on in the play at that at times it was hard to follow. I felt that there was just a lot going on and a lot of inferences that had to be made, which took away from the actors. I also did not like how it seemed that the scenes with the couples were supposed to be happening simultaneously and it seemed like the day was starting over every time a new couple would take the stage. I wish there was a more fluid way those scenes could have been run where you could see the Joneses dancing while the Smith’s were taking the breaks in between the argument. When the Johnson’s switched to the stage, I originally thought that it was a new day because at the end of the smith scene they were ordering dinner and the lights seemed dim. It wasn’t until Mr. Smith made the comment about making the salmon until I realized it was still that same day, just being shown from a different house. Again I wish there was a way the audience could have at l east seen a small portion of the two couples simultaneously just to give the audience an idea of the time frame. Also I felt like half the time I didn’t really know what was going on or that I missed something. For example when Mrs. Johnson was so appalled that Mr. Johnson had gotten out of bed

Free Trade and Globalization

Question: Describe about the Article for Free Trade and Globalization. Answer: Introduction: Free trade is an economic term use to describe the import and export relations among various companies. Countries get engaged in the Free Trade relation when both companies and countries get the opportunities to import and export goods without any governmental intervention. It has been pointed out that Free Trade is a double edged sword. The business phenomenon is both advantageous and disadvantageous for a nation. Keeping this point in mind, a report is made to derive at a particular conclusion regarding the issue (news.vice.com, 2016). Discussion: In the era of globalization and open economy, opportunities for better business and a transparency in the business has increased. No wonder this has opened many scope for various countries and companies to spread their wings and increase their profit, there are many instances when this approach has proved to be a threat for the operating country. As per the view point of Irwin (2015), free trade has both pros and cons. Some of the advantages of free trade are: Lowers the cost of import and export: By the means of free trade, companies are able to lower their cost using the cheapest resources available. Free trade allows companies to import the raw materials from other countries that are not available in that particular country (Irwin 2015). Again, goods that are exported to the domestic region have little or no intervention. Competitive advantage: With the intervention of import and export of the goods among the countries, it is expected that there will be a certain level of competitive advantage between the various products available. Cons of free trade: Privatization of the companies: With the intervention of the companies in the other countries, many companies are gaining privatization in the country where they are operating (Korhonen 2013). It has been found that many state owned enterprises established their privatization and operate like a private business. These companies are achieving their goals without any concerns regarding the benefits of the country where they are operating. Non co operation of government of the countries: At many instances, it is found that the government of some developed countries does not allow other companies to operate in their countries. Due to this non-cooperative approach relationship between these nations are seemed to get hindered. Political slavery: In the greed of launching their product in a developed country, some companies even get ready to become a political slave of the country (Jaffee 2014). This results in huge corruption practices that decline the ethical standard of both the company and the country. Conclusion: There are both advantages and disadvantages of free trade. In the contemporary period, it can be said that although globalization has opened up great operational areas for the companies to operate in various countries, there are certain threats that both the domestic and the international countries have to suffer. As suggested from the articles strict guidelines and rules are to be set up in order to keep a grip of the incoming or outgoing of the trade that various companies are carrying in their business journey. Reference list: Irwin, D.A., 2015.Free trade under fire. Princeton University Press. Jaffee, D., 2014.Brewing justice: Fair trade coffee, sustainability, and survival. Univ of California Press. Korhonen, P., 2013.Japan and the Pacific free trade area. Routledge. news.vice.com, 2016 Available at: news.vice.com/article/wikileaks-says-secretive-trade-agreement-paves-way-to-corporatization-of-public-services [Accessed on: 29-5-2016]

Managing in the Global Work Force

Professionalization of Journalism Essays

Professionalization of Journalism Essays Professionalization of Journalism Essay Professionalization of Journalism Essay John Merrill’s article entitled Professionalization of Journalism discussed the different aspects and issues of journalism as a profession. In the beginning of the text, Merill explained the true meaning and essence of Journalism as it shows the context of individual and public responsibility of Journalists towards its society. As he unravels the meaning of journalism, he also discussed and explained the meaning of professionalism. According to him along with his evidences from different studies on Journalism and Professionalism, professionalism is a sensitive issue at work. Once a person is known as a professional, he or she must obtain the quality of professionalism. In spite of the fact that the idea of professionalism is growing in American journalism, individual journalists do not really know what journalistic professionalism entails, what being a â€Å"professional† really means. (Merrill 40). Merrill showed through his evidences that journalists act as professionals even if they do not even know the true essence and quality of being a professional that made these individuals unreliable and irrational. Based on Merrill’s studies on Journalism as a profession, he perceived that Journalism is not a profession. â€Å"Obviously it is not, although it has some of a profession’s characteristics. There is no direct relationship between the journalist and hid client. There is, in journalism, no minimum entrance requirement; anybody can be a journalist who can get himself hired – experience or no experience, degree or no degree,† (40). Merrill illustrates the facts and arguments towards the issue of being a professional journalist. According to him, a person or an individual can be called professional, once he or she is a graduate in a certain course for his or her future career. In journalism, he perceived that many journalists have no degree because in reality, journalism has no restrictions. Everyone can be a journalist. To be able to solve the issues of â€Å"unprofessional in journalism,† Merrill described and discussed some of the aspects that a potential journalist needs to obtain. There are different academic institutions that give knowledge on journalism as a course. They teach students to become prepared in their tasks as journalists not as a personal responsibility but as a professional responsibility whom they need to meet certain standards and requirements. Although it is changing rather rapidly, training or education for journalism in the United States has been very much a piecemeal spotty, uneven and diversifies system (42). Because this society is a free country as it liberates its people, many of the journalists became unaware of the essence of being a journalist as it embodies professionalism. That is why many educational sectors pursue their agenda of educating the future journalists as well as journalists today to become competent individuals as they bring their thoughts, ideas, and data to people. At the end of the text, the author perceived new hope and light towards this issue. He justified that sooner or later, journalism will become a great profession that many of us will respect and authorize. However, students, educators, and today’s journalists need to join their path to a better idea and elevate their status into a sophisticated responsibility towards their society. They are committed ones; those who are certain that, with rational and skillful thought and action, they can succeed in institutionalized education and journalism without sacrificing themselves (44). Ruthlessness in Public Life Thomas Nagel’s article entitled Ruthlessness in Public Life defines and describes how public officials need to do their tasks and responsibilities towards their people. Most often than not, public officials always tend to incorporate personal agendas as they perform their duties. Because of this, personal aspects are first obtained rather than the needs of the public. Public figures are not supposed to use their power openly to enrich themselves and their families, or to obtain sexual favors (Nagel 77). The public official’s power should be done within the context of nation’s capability to uplift but it was not done in real world. Everybody knows that in reality, most public officials used their power as their way of proclaiming their personal interests rather than the people’s needs. The pleasure of power is not easily acknowledged, but it is one of the most primitive human feelings – probably one with infantile roots (77). Through this statement, Nagel illustrated the fact that power is a privilege that once used in certain aspects of humanity; it is unredeemable for it was acted upon certain limitations and restrictions. Because this issue lies on the aspect of human power while being a public official, there are some probable solution to the argument that we continue to discuss in different parts of the world. According to Nigel (79), every obligation or commitment reserves some portion of general pool of motivated action for a special purpose. It was shown that if these public officials will think of the reality as whole in terms of ways of living, the society and its justification, they would probably restrict themselves from acting for their own luxuries and agendas while there are in power. There must also be no favoritism and indulgence while they are in office to avoid indirect transactions from the public that cause anomalous business and communications. It is also important to consider the importance of morality and respect to higher authority or the law. As they were elected as public officials, they must do their responsibilities according to the law of the morality. Through this, overpowering will be lessened or soon will diminish within officials’ sense of leadership. Even if public morality is not derivable from private, however, it does not mean that they are independent to one another (78). It shows that though public morality is a private concept of sociological aspect, it should be considered in this issue because somehow, it is connected to power and authority. Aside from this, in whatever outcome that may happen is a certain procedure, there must be a willingness to respect and to listen to the result and verification as part of the law or authority and morality. At the end of the text, the author suggested that public life is an open book that people can see and hear. It is a commitment not only to the position but also to the nation. He stated in the last part of his article towards public officials that if one of them take on a public role, he accepts certain obligations, certain restrictions, and certain limitations on what he may do (83). Through this, public officials can work on their position with dignity and pride without any act of malicious thinking and dissemination whether private or public institutions that they hold while they are in office. References Merrill, J. (date). Professionalization of Journalism. p. 39-44 Nagel, T. (date). Ruthlessness in Public Life. p. 76-83

Ethical Dilemmas in Social Work Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Ethical Dilemmas in Social Work - Case Study Example With the advent of HIV and Aids, social workers, particularly in developing countries have had to rearrange themselves to deal with the needs of an ever increasing population of people with Aids. Social workers have attended to needs of oppressed people, people with extreme mental retardations, and those living in abject poverty. Social workers uphold social change and social justice on behalf of individuals, groups, families, and communities. The practice of social work is sensitive to ethnic and cultural diversity as it seeks to strive to end society's vices such as oppression, discrimination, poverty and other forms of social injustices. Their intervention may be in the form of community organization, direct practice, consultation, supervision, advocacy, administration, social and political action, education, policy development and implementation, and research and evaluation (NASW code of ethics, 2008). In trying to enhance the people's capacity to address their own needs, social workers are faced with a variety of ethical dilemmas. Let's consider a situation where a couple has the down-syndrome disease but still want to have a sexual relationship that will lead to marriage. Such a scenario may be of particular interest to the practice of social work as it entails some multiplier effects which beg for serious ethical answers. The serious ethical dilemma ... ical dilemma that any social worker may experience in such a scenario is whether to let the couple go on with their plans to get married and have their own children. As I have already discussed, it is the duty of a social worker to facilitate the capability of people to address their own problems. But such a relationship will definitely lead to more problems for the couple as the children born out of the relationship will very likely have the Down-Syndrome disease as well as other complicated health problems which will negatively impact on their developmental abilities (Should retarded people marry, 2006). This therefore means that the chances of the children leading a normal and fruitful life will be seriously compromised. This explains the relevance of such a dilemma to social work. In social work, ethical decision making involves a process. In such an instance where a couple with Down-Syndrome disease wants to have children, simple answers may not be available to resolve the complex ethical issues that such a decision may entail. That is where the National Association of Social Workers code comes into play. The ethical dilemma here is if it is right to allow the couple to go ahead and reproduce children when in fact they know that these children will be severely handicapped and will be a burden to society. Importance of the ethical dilemma to a social worker. The ethical dilemma is of particular importance since it will directly affect the social worker's area of operation. In such a scenario, it is the role of the social worker to be an educator, mediator, negotiator, and facilitator for the couple to enlighten them and empower them with proper information so that they can make proper conclusions about their state and shelf any plans to bear children (Hick,

Effective leadership in SKC Ogbonnia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Effective leadership in SKC Ogbonnia - Essay Example My team simply put everything on hold. I see that if no one step up and push the project along and come up with alternative plan, we will drop the ball and lose the client. I called up my team for a meeting to come up with plan for actions to complete the project. We had a long discussion and come up with a plan of action. I delegated each specialists their tasks and regroup everyone to follow up the progress. I asked each specialist to cross check each other’s work and the work’s integration into the presentation as a whole. I asked everyone to think in my director’s shoes, keeping the client’s goals in mind. As a result, we completed the presentation by the deadline and send them to our marketing team. This aspect of teamwork can translate all bounds of transformational leadership in that each person worked together in order to achieve a common goal that not only enhanced their productivity, but also their ability to work together as a team even with con flicting personalities.Moreover, I set up a new brief meeting between my team and the marketing team regarding this case. I set up the meeting between my team and the marketing team for the first time to brief on the case. During the meeting, we prepped the marketing team on what was to be expected and how to manage the client’s expectations according to our plan. The marketers were able to ask the specialist questions and understand the plan in depth. This sense of teamwork in the transactional leadership setting was beneficial.... We had a long discussion and come up with a plan of action. I delegated each specialists their tasks and regroup everyone to follow up the progress. I asked each specialist to cross check each other’s work and the work’s integration into the presentation as a whole. I asked everyone to think in my director’s shoes, keeping the client’s goals in mind. As a result, we completed the presentation by the deadline and send them to our marketing team. This aspect of teamwork can translate all bounds of transformational leadership in that each person worked together in order to achieve a common goal that not only enhanced their productivity, but also their ability to work together as a team even with conflicting personalities. Moreover, I set up a new brief meeting between my team and the marketing team regarding this case. I set up the meeting between my team and the marketing team for the first time to brief on the case. During the meeting, we prepped the market ing team on what was to be expected and how to manage the client’s expectations according to our plan. The marketers were able to ask the specialist questions and understand the plan in depth. This sense of teamwork in the transactional leadership setting was beneficial to the creation of a solution to the problem. In the end, both of the teams were able to meet their mutual to goal in order to seal the deal before the director returned. This clearly exemplifies the ideals and processes associated with adaptive leadership. The director was impressed how I proactively move the case along during his trip. He was able to see that I understand how different departments as well as the in’s and out’s in regards to how the company works. This not only shows how I act as a

How did Pterosaurs Move on the Ground?

How did Pterosaurs Move on the Ground? The locomotive manner of pterosaurs is a matter of intense dispute in the scientific community. The way that these prehistoric creatures traversed the ground is continually being contested. Did pterosaurs walk how we imagine them to have; on all fours in a semi erect posture, or did they only walk on their hind legs, or on all fours and completely prone? If, in fact, they did walk on all fours, would the feet have been in line with the hands, or would the hands be splayed out much farther than the feet? Because the method of pterosaur locomotion is widely disputed, scientists rely on footprint identification in order to determine if the tracks that they are studying do actually belong to a pterosaur. Unfortunately, even this is a contested issue, as some scientists cant even agree on which tracks belong to which prehistoric creatures. These are all issues that are disputed by scientists, but there does seem to be some common consensus when multiple seemingly conflicting scientific fi ndings are synthesized. The general perception of pterosaurs today is one that is possibly incredibly flawed because of theories about them from the early nineteenth century. Soemmerring confused a juvenile Pterodactylus with what he believed to be the skeleton of a deviant bat in 1817 and Cuviers identified pterosaurs as reptiles in 1812. These ideas have persisted until the modern day so that most people cannot shake the image of a pterosaur as a large, scaly, bat-like creature that walks around on all fours in a semi-erect fashion (Padian, 1983). While this is a possible form of locomotion, there are numerous arguments to the contrary. One of the first writings on pterosaur locomotion on land was Wm. Lee Stokes Pterodactyl Tracks from the Morrison Formation published in 1957. Stokes found a track of nine footprints that he attributed to a pterosaur that he named Pteraichnus Saltwashensis. Since pterodactyls are naturally found near bodies of whatever, its not out of the question that these tracks would belong to one. Stokes claims that the imprint of the manus shows the unique wrist and hand of a pterodactyl and that the imprint of the pes shows the unique V-shape and sharply pointed heel that corresponds unmistakably to that of a pterodactyl. He says that all of this is proof that at least one pterosaur was quadrupedal. Despite the evidence that Stoke says confirms that the creature that made these tracks was a pterosaur; this is one of the most disputed claims in the theory of the ground-level locomotion of pterosaurs. Many scientists believe that these tracks were not made by a pterosaur, but instead by a crocodilian creature. This is a distinct possibility because the tracks of pterosaurs and crocodilians are commonly confused for one another. In The Fossil Trackway Pteraichnus: Not Pterosaurian, but Crocodilian, Kevin Padian and Paul Olsen claim that the tracks that Stokes attributes to Pteraichnus Saltwashensis are more likely the product of one of the four species of crocodilian known to have inhabited that area. They say that the pes is not unique to pterodactyloids, as crocodiles also exhibit four toes and a V-shaped heel. Also, they claim that the manus does not consist of four digits, but five, even though the impression of all five is not clearly preserved. Another distinguishing feature is that crocodiles are plantigrade and therefore the heel print would be visible, as it is in these tracks. This is opposed to the digitigrade nature of pterosaurs, which would cause the heel print to be excluded from the footprint. Padian and Olsen claim that the manner of movement that the footprints represent is completely different than the kind that Stokes claims created them. Stokes suggested that the depth of the depression created by the manus was due to a large wing knuckle. Padian and Olsen argue that this is not the case, and that the depression was actually caused by the force of the step and the incompetence of the substrate that led to the creation of the fossilized track. One of Padian and Olsens points is refuted in Terrestrial Locomotion of the Pterosaurs: A Reconstruction Based on Pteraichnus Trackways, published in 1997 by S. Cristopher Bennett. Padian and Olsen claim that by using Bairds method, they were able to determine that the length of the body that made the tracks was too long to be that of a pterosaur, but long enough to be a short crocodile. Bennetts refutation of this point rests on the idea that Bairds method was intended to be used on tracks created simultaneously and that this was not the condition under which the tracks in contention were created. Whether this refutation is credible or not is of little importance. Padian and Olsens assertion that the Pteraichnus tracks were actually created by a crocodilian, and that they back it up with plausible scientific hypotheses, casts enough doubt on Stokes original claim to make these tracks inadmissible in determining how pterosaurs moved on land. The primary reason for the possible mistak e that these crocodilian tracks were created by a pterosaur, according to Padians 1983 paper, A Functional Analysis of Flying and Walking in Pterosaurs, is that Owen suspend[ed] the principles of comparative anatomy [and drew] spurious comparisons between pterosaur structures and those of lizards and crocodiles [as well as] misrepresenting the work of H. von Meyer, the German authority on pterosaurs. This paper offers an in depth analysis of the way a pterosaur would move on land based entirely on its bone structure. Padians primary subject of analysis is a Pteranodon, which he claims, among other things, was an active flyer, meaning that it flapped its wings. Padian claims that a pterosaur would walk upright on two legs as opposed to any form of quadripedal motion. He compares pterosaurs to both birds and bats throughout the paper. He attempts to show that the attributes that pterosaurs share with either birds or bats, or both of them, would prevent a pterosaur from being capable of quadrupedal locomotion. Padian says that the forelimb of the pterosaur was adapted entirely for flying and not for quadrupedal walking. The humerus bone of the forearm was adapted for the type of movement that facilitated a down-and-forward flapping motion, since Padian claims that pterosaurs were active flyers, and not for the rotation of the humerus that would protract the forearm to facilitate terrestrial walking. Moving down the arm, the elbow joint in birds, bats, and pterosaurs are what allow for rotation. In bats, this allows for quadrapedal walking but, in both birds and pterosaurs, it has hindered articulation to the extent of turning their limbs into pulley-like hinges with a wide arc of movement possible in only one plane (Padian 1983, 227). Padian claims that the differences in the shape of humeral heads in pterosaurs were even more restrictive in the pterosaurs range of motion than it is in birds. The delto-pectoral crest in pterosaurs was pronounced and twisted along the axis of the shaft, whi ch caused the deltoideus muscle to actually reverse the rotation of the humerus that was initiated by the pectoralis muscles as the pterosaur made a downward stroke while in flight. This reversal in rotation prohibited the forelimb from being moved into the proper position to facilitate its placement on the ground and therefore any form of quadrupedal locomotion. Ultimately, Padian asserts, the structure of the forelimbs of pterosaurs prevented them from walking quadrapedally. They were incapable of parasagittal movement over the ground because of restrictions imposed on them from their bone and muscular structures. The structure of the hind legs of pterosaurs that are included in Padians argument for a bipedal pterosaur is equally as important as the structure of the forelimbs. Padian bases his argument on a pterosaur thats wing was not attached to its hind legs and the idea that despite the relatively small size of the legs of a pterosaur when compared to the rest of its body and specifically its forelimbs, it would still have been able to, and in fact been solely capable of, bipedal locomotion on its hind limbs. Padian reconstructs the pelvis and hip joints of a pterosaur to show that certain elements of its anatomy would prevent it from bending forward in a way that would enable quadrupedal locomotion. He says that there are two girdles surrounding the point where the femur is inserted into the hip that restricts the degree of rotation of the leg so that it would be impossible to move in any way other than bipedally. Padian uses a Pteranodon as his case study for a pterosaur with an extremely large upper body and a relatively small lower body that is still able to walk on the ground. He says that the reason the forelimbs are so large is because the mass of the Pteranodon necessitated expansive wings to provide the appropriate amount of lift while airborne. The size of the wings, though, is not correlated to the size of the legs. The surface area of the wings needed to increase at a rate of L^3/L^2 when compared to the size of the body. The disproportionate lengthening of the wing afforded a greater relative area that allowed the Pteranodon to achieve flight. On the other hand, the Pteranodons legs are not restricted to the same ratio. The legs can be, and are, significantly smaller than the body that theyre supporting without compromising the Pteranodons terrestrial locomotive abilities. In fact, the size of the Pteranodons hind limbs in relation to the size of the rest of its body is comparable to the relationship between the hind limbs and bodies of all other pterosaurs. Padian compares the bone structure of the hind limbs of pterosaurs to the bone structure of the hind limbs in modern birds. He says that, like in birds, the tibia is the main load-bearing bone in the leg. He claims that the femur had a position that ranged between slightly above horizontal to about forty-five degrees below it and that this orientation allowed for the tibia to move on a parasagittal plane. This essentially means that pterosaurs moved on the ground like most other bipedal dinosaurs. Padians ultimate claim is that pterosaur hind limbs were designed for bipedal, digitigrade, locomotion when they were moving on the ground. He even suggests that it was possible for pterosaurs to achieve high rates of speed on the ground. S. Christopher Bennett is another proponent of the upright, bipedal form of terrestrial locomotion among pterosaurs, but only among the larger pterodactyloids. He exams the acetabulum of Anhanguera, Pteranodon, and Dsungaripterus in A Pterodectyloid Pterosaur Pelvis from the Santana Formation of Brazil: Implications for Terrestrial Locomotion, published in 1990, and determines that its strongest part is the anterior wall. He suggests that the strength of this anterior wall allows for upright bipedal locomotion because the acetabulum becomes a downward facing component of the anatomy. This downward orientation allows for a large area of contact for the head of the femur and, therefore, the weight of the body of the pterosaur can be supported in an upright position. Bennett refutes three arguments that are often leveled against bipedal locomotion in pterosaurs. He says that the femora bone could, in fact, have been brought underneath the body of the pterosaur, which is demonstrated by AMNH 22569. Secondly, that the hind limbs of the pterosaurs had straight femurs with distinct, inturned heads, mesotarsal ankles without a calcaneal tuber, and a foot with elongated metatarsals. Finally, he argues that the preservation of pterosaurs, in a position with their hind limbs splayed to the sides, a position that has caused many scientists to claim that theyre incapable of bipedal locomotion, is a false supposition. He notes five specimens that were preserved with their hind limbs on one side of the body, and argues that the splayed nature of the other specimens is due to greater hip flexibility in pterosaurs. Bennetts inclusion of the fossilized remains of pterosaurs in his argument for bipedal locomotion among the larger pterodactyloids is particularly convincing. He makes up for one of the key elements that Padians argument was missing, in that he actually gives concrete physical evidence to support his argument instead of supposed anatomical construction and the type of movement that that structure would or would not allow. One thing that Padians analysis of the terrestrial movement of pterosaurs lack is the actual fossilized track that a pterosaur made. While the supposed structure of the bones may lead one to believe that Padians claims are accurate, there are numerous pterosaur tracks that indicate a quadrupedal form of locomotion among pterosaurs. The majority of the studies included in this paper have focused on larger pterosaurs, and mostly on the Pteranodon. This particular pterosaur shares a large amount of its anatomy with modern birds and it makes sense that, from an analysis paying the majority of its attention to this pterosaur, they would all seem to be bipedal. There is evidence in other fossils, though, that would say otherwise. Pterosaurs, depending on the kind they were, were either bipedal or quadrupedal. Bennetts refutation of Padian and Olsens crocodilian diagnosis of the Pteraichnus tracks contains very valid points concerning the way that pterosaurs could have possibly walked in a quadrupedal manner. He says specifically that rhamphorhyncoids, the earlier variation of pterosaurs, as well as small pterodactyloids were quadrupeds with plantigrade pedes (Bennett, 1997). He says that the model he constructed of Pterydactylus and that, along with other detailed studies and manipulations of other three-dimensionally preserved pterosaur specimens, the limb and girdle joints would have easily allowed for the range of motion necessary for a pterosaur to achieve a quadrupedal walking motion. Bennett cites the Pteraichnus saltwashensis tracks as being representative of a quadrupedal pterosaur, which was disavowed earlier in this paper. He validly examines the tracks of Pteraichnus stokesi that were discovered in the Sundance Formation of Wyoming as well as pterosaur tracks from the Upper Jurassic of France. These trackways show manus and pes prints that are clearly pterosaurian. This indicates that there were certain species of pterosaur located in these areas that were quadrupedal. All of Bennetts are based on the principle of identifying the tracks as pterosaurian based on the structure of the manus and pes. Another piece of research that proves that quadrupedal locomotion was present in pterosaurs is First Record of a Pterosaur Landing Trackway, published in 2009 by Jean-Michel Mazin, Jean-Paul Billon-Bruyat, and Kevin Padian. The tracks that they are examining are clearly the landing pattern of a pterosaur because they originate with two pes prints and then continue on in a walking pattern. They claim that the stance of the pterosaur was erect because the pedes tracks are placed almost directly below the hip joints. After the first impression of the pedes, the second impression includes both pedes and manus impressions. The impressions of the manus are splayed out wider than pes, which is the generally accepted idea of how a pterosaur would ambulate. The tracks, not only created by a flying creature, are located in the Late Jurassic site known as Pterosaur Beach, which is a place universally agreed upon to contain unquestionable pterosaur tracks. Therefore, the landing pattern and subs equent tracks, that clearly show quadrupedal locomotion, prove that at least some pterosaurs moved in this way on the ground. The debate surrounding the terrestrial locomotion of pterosaurs can be broken down into many categories and subdivisions. Its clearly that one form of locomotion, whether it be bipedal, quadrupedal, plantigrade, digitigrade, erect, semi-erect, or any other distinction, cannot be used to define every single pterosaur that ever existed. This is similar to the idea that one form of locomotion cannot be used to describe every dinosaur that ever existed. There is variation between species of pterosaurs. The larger pterosaurs seem to be generally more bird-like and more inclined to quadrupedal locomotion. The Pteranodon, specifically, almost definitely was a biped. Its wing structure was the most similar to that of a bird (Padian, 1983), and its two hind limbs were more than sufficient for bothing locomotion and launching off from the ground in order to initiate flight. Smaller pterosaurs, on the other hand seem to be more similar in locomotive method to the general perception of how pterosaurs moved, in a kind of quadrupedal crawl. The tracks found at Pterosaur Beach, and if actually created by a pterosaur, those of Pteraichnus saltwashensis, prove that at least some smaller pterosaurs were quadrupedal. In conclusion, any attempt to define the entire order of Pterosauria as quadrupedal or bipedal is an exercise in futility. The larger pterosaurs, such as Pteranodon, were bipedal, which is apparent based on their wing and leg structures. They would have been unable to move their forelimbs into a position that would allow them to place them on the ground and the mobility of their hind limbs allowed only for bipedal locomotion. Smaller pterosaurs, such as Pteraichnus stokes, were definitely quadrupedal in terms of locomotion since there have been numerous tracks found confirming this idea. Works Cited Bennett, S. (1990). A Pterodactyloid Pterosaur Pelvis from the Santana Formation of Brazil: Implications for Terrestrial Locomotion. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 10(1), 80-85. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/4523298 Bennett, S. (1997). Terrestrial Locomotion of Pterosaurs: A Reconstruction Base on Pteraichnus Trackways. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 17(1), 104-113. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/4523790 Mazin, J., Billon-Bruyat, J., Padian, K. (2009). First Record of a Pterosaur Landing Trackway. Proceedings: Biological Sciences, 276(1674), 3881-3886. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/30245351 Padian, K. (1983). A Functional Analysis of Flying and Walking in Pterosaurs. Paleobiology, 9(3), 218-239. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2400656 Padian, K., Olsen, P. (1984). The Fossil Trackway Pteraichnus: Not Pterosaurian, but Crocodilian. Journal of Paleontology, 58(1), 178-184. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/1304743 Sà ¡nchez-Hernà ¡ndez, B., Przewieslik, A., Benton, M. (2009). A Reassessment of the Pteraichnus Ichnospecies from the Early Cretaceous of Soria Province, Spain. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 29(2), 487-497. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/20627057 Wm. Lee Stokes. (1957). Pterodactyl Tracks from the Morrison Formation. Journal of Paleontology, 31(5), 952-954. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/1300563 Drug Abuse in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | Research Proposal Drug Abuse in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | Research Proposal BACKGROUND STUDY Drug abuse is a cause of concern to all nations around the world either in developing countries and undeveloped countries and in both cases the most affected are the youth,. Due to the rapid increase in drug related crime and drug abusers in Asian countries, the establishment of effective countermeasures for demand and supply reduction are a pressing issue. And if they are all left out to be addicted to dangerous narcotics, it can lead to all social ills like road accidents, high crime rates, unplanned pregnancies, school dropouts and many more which may result in fracturing the moral fibre of the country and eventually the nation will be without prominent future leaders. The abuse of drugs has an adverse impact, not only on the individual abuser, but also on the economy and society of a country as a whole. According to Scorzelli JF, (2009) despite the heavy punishment of death imposed by the Malaysian government for whoever is caught in drug possession, within the last five years, the Malaysian drug abuse problem has escalated. This has led to the increase in social ills like HIV/AIDS which is contracted by the use of IV-Heroin. He continued to state that 93.7% of people caught in drug possession are male aged between 20-29 years of age. This clearly shows that our youth are in dire need of thorough drug and peer education. The National Anti-Drug Agency has been on track to get rid of the drug problem in Malaysia by 2015. When interviewed by the New Straits Times (2010, February) the director-general Datuk Abdul Bakir Zin has pointed out that they have helped out around the country to bring addicts to their rehabilitation centre. He has said that the centre spends around RM 300 million which is their annual budget which is nearly spent on prevention, treatment, rehabilitation of addicts and enforcement operations. Addicts are kept for two years and they are released but some of them go back to their bad habits. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Drug abuse has led to an alarming increase of social ills in the society like HIV/AIDS contraction , road accidents and many more which have resulted in the collapse of the moral fibre of the nation. The medical and psychological effects are very obvious. Addicts cannot function as normal members of society. They neglect or abuse their families, and eventually require expensive treatment or hospitalization. Huge police resources are needed to fight smuggling and dealing. Criminal gangs and mafia underworlds develop with the money from drugs. However the main target should be the user. Families and counsellors need to talk to children and people at risk. The fact that the youth is the most affected especially in Malaysia poses a great concern because the youth are the future leaders of tomorrow. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The specific study of the study is to find ways and methods to educate the people of Malaysia especially the youth about the dangers posed by the abuse of drugs. This initiative itself can lead to positive results such as reduced number of drug abusers therefore leading to a low numbers of social ills such as HIV contractions and crime. There should be a diversion programme for drug abusers which can be institutional or community based. RESEARCH QUESTIONS To justify this study, the researcher will investigate the following matters: How many cases of illicit drugs were registered from 2006 to 2011 in Malaysia How individuals are affected psychologically, physically and economically by the abuse of drugs Does the government play a role in reducing the problem of drug abuse? SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY Generally the study of drug abuse phenomenon that is widely occurring in Malaysia will be an endeavour in promoting a much healthy lifestyle that is a drug -free society. Drug-free society means a lot to a country of about 28,310,000 people. It means less crime such as road accidents, thefts and murders, less HIV AIDS positive, less people in the narcotics rehabilitations centre and more manpower in order to bring Malaysia towards becoming a fully developed country. By understanding the main source of the problems, we can all move together to cure as well as to prevent further advance of this spreading illness in our community. The Malaysian psychiatric association (July 6 2006) has cited that when pregnant women abuse drugs there may be foetal abnormalities especially when the pregnancy is early. These deformities may cause the mother to dump the baby, a crime which is currently on the rise in Malaysia. If the drug was used late in the pregnancy may become dependent on opiates, and may later show withdrawal symptoms after delivery. The United Nations Aids (2010) on their report have pointed out that an estimated 170,000 injecting drug users (IDUs). In those users most of them share the needles therefore there is increased spread of the diseases such as HIV/AIDS because likely they do not sterilise such needles. Moreover, this study will reveal most of things behind these drug abuse cases, therefore will significantly boost the awareness of the community about the cases of drug abuse in this country simultaneously contribute in reducing such cases in community. SCOPE OF THE REPORT We undertook the task of reviewing all studies describing the impact of drug abuse at Kuala Lumpur. The population of interest includes injection drug users, and non-injection drug users of heroin, cocaine and marijuana, because these groups of individuals have been identified as having a biological risk of exposure to addictive drug use, including deadly exposure (via injection drug use) to blood-borne via sharing of straws or pipes used to administer drugs (non-injection drug use). Data from questionnaires are analyzed separately, as they different substantially form interview data, and because their drug-related risk factors are quite different and not elaborated further. Another goal is to examine the influence of study methodology on study findings, particularly because the descriptive data may be strongly influenced by sampling methods, and because study design may affect associations between various characteristics and drug use. Since the brand data collection was carried out using information collected from various associations, access to each data was time consuming. We also do not have any compiled data of approved unregistered drug users making the task very complicated. Such database may be hard to acquire as most drug users choose to stay in the dark as they know there is a capital punishment for such a crime. OPERATIONAL DEFINITION Drugs A medicine or other substance which has a physiological effect when ingested or otherwise introduced into the body Abuse To use something to bad effect or for a bad purpose Addict A person who is addicted to a particular substance Rehabilitation Restore to former privileges CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.0 Introduction In the literature review we compare and contrast studies done by other people and we note how different they are from ours. We have read journals, books and articles in Science Direct. In this chapter we are able to expand our knowledge on how other writers view the issue at hand. We have displayed various ways of the data we found, either by citing using the APA format, images and tables. 2.1 Literature Review By the year 1983, the problem of drugs was declared a national emergency by the Malaysian government. Everyone convicted of trafficking and those caught with the drugs depending on the amount of drugs they had in their possession were sentenced to death, those were some of the ways the government was trying to solve the problem but if someone was convicted of only for possession of drugs he/she was put in a rehabilitation centre for 2 years. Once realised from the centre, the individual has one year of probation were he or she has two urine tests a month. Drug, taken from Cambridge Dictionaries Online, falls into two categories which are medicine and illegal substance. In the medicine category, the word drug means any natural or artificially made chemical which is used as a medicine while in the category of illegal substance, drug means any natural or artificially made chemical which is taken for pleasure, to improve someones performance of an activity, or because a person cannot stop using it. The latter meanings actually portraying the main interest in this study which is the action of drug abuse, which by the same source, abuse means to use or treat someone or something wrongly or badly, especially in a way that is to your own advantage. This unhealthy phenomenon is actually a worldwide crisis and can bring along a great impact in ones life, consequently a community, and then will affect the growth of a country. Some said that this crisis is the same age as humankind. It is in our nature that we like to consume things that bring us pleasure and being in the state of euphoria. However, we must first consider the side effects of the consumption of such substances. There was enormous number of researches that had been carried out in order to suppress or banish this crisis all over the world. There are ups and downs for the trends of the drug abuse cases but it had never been ceased completely. Kuala Lumpur as a busy place, most of the inhabitants need drugs to cope with the fast life. These drugs can be addictive substances such as heroine, alcohol, and ecstasy pills. The research by the Malaysian Psychiatric Association (2006), showed that the brain is affected by the consumed drugs. The left part of the brain is affected is called the reward pathway. Continued use of drugs short-circuits the reward pathway and that how addiction starts. The brain will then need more and more large quantities of the substance taken over time. The brain chemistry is altered at this point, therefore behavioural patterns starts here. Drugs like cocaine can lead to permanent damage, death and even addition. From the article adapted from RECOVERY NOW website on cocaine effects, it is stated that there are two different categories of cocaine effect. These effects are said to be long termed and short termed .Regardless of how many times a person uses cocaine even once! heshe experiences short-term cocaine effects which includes increased blood pressure, mental alertness, increased heart rate, decreased appetite and increased body temperature .The long term effects appear after increased periods of use. Long term effects include irritability, mood disturbances and restlessness. Marijuana is also one of the most commonly abused drug and according to the American Council For Drug Education they describe it as a mild hallucinogen with some alcohols depressant which results in bronchitis, emphysema and bronchial asthma. They also continue to stress that marijuana leads to reduction of learning ability which is one of the reasons why most students who smoke marijuana end up performing badly at school as it limits the capability to absorb information as it is highly addictive. In an addiction state a person engages in a compulsive behaviour, even when faced with challenging life situations. Taking a look at the fast life in Kuala Lumpur a lot of challenges are faced by the youth there, these include unemployment, loss of a loved one or poverty. These situations can cause you to excessively use drugs to suppress such hurt felt within. The National Anti-Drug Agency (New Straits 12 February 2010) has used over RM 300 million annually to prevent, treat, and rehabilitate addicts. They are trying to achieve the goal for a drug-free Malaysia in 2015 and drug-free Malaysian schools in 2012. The director of the agency Datuk Abdul Bakir Zin has mentioned that there is an alarming rate of drug abusers on the increase. The agency successfully rehabilitated 11 395 addicts in 2009 but only 51% of the addicts are clean now. That shows that the drug addicts do not have enough out of rehab education. B.Vicknasigngam, M.Mazlan, K.S Schotchfield , M.C Chawaski(2009),stated that heroin and injection drug are the major public health risk cases recorded in Malaysia. Furthermore they continue to state from their findings, between the year 1998 and 2006 individuals close to 300 000 individuals were registered as persistent drug abusers in Malaysia. In between the years 1998-2006 heroin was the main primary drug abused around 62.6% of those were registered. And this caused a main concern for the Malaysian government as it lead to increase in social ills like road accidents and also the rise in HIV contraction as the drug abusers shared the same needle hence the spread of the virus was induced. Despite the Malaysian strict law on use of illegal drugs people still continue to use the illegal drugs and have even gone to an extent of making it into a business to finance their lifestyle. The law clearly states that any person found in possession of at least 15 grams of heroin, 200 grams of cannabis is presumed. The National Drug Agency, Malaysia in 2006 around 22,811 drugs users was recorded and 12,430 of whom were repeat offenders. They also stress that the total number of drug users recorded for the period of 1998-2006 is 300,241 people which constitutes to 1.1% of the Malaysians population. CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction The introduction highlights the data collection methods which were used to gather information which enabled us to reach our conclusion. One of the vital aspects we looked into was the validity and reliability of the data collection methods that we decided to use. In our research we found that the ideal data collection methods that we can use are the questionnaire and interview for analysis Questionnaires are very cost effective when compared to face-to-face interviews. This is especially true for studies involving large sample sizes and large geographic areas. Written questionnaires become even more cost effective as the number of research questions increases. Questionnaires are easy to analyze. Data entry and tabulation for nearly all surveys can be easily done with many computer software packages. Nearly everyone has had some experience completing questionnaires and they generally do not make people apprehensive and they reduce bias. The researchers own opinions will not influence the respondent to answer questions in a certain manner. There are no verbal or visual clues to influence the respondent. When a respondent receives a questionnaire in the mail, he is free to complete the questionnaire on his own time-table. Unlike other research methods, the respondent is not interrupted by the research instrument. Some of the reasons why questionnaires are widely used as data collection method in reports and projects in the fact that the responses are gathered in a standardised way so questions are more objective, certainly more so than interviews, generally it is relatively quick to collect information using questionnaires and information can be collected from a large portion of a group. For our research a questionnaire, written both in English and Malay consisting of A3 size pages was sent to different agencies/organizations which were requested to answer it. The main contents of the questionnaire included; Prevention of drug abuse Outline organizations handling drug abuse problem Institutional treatment programmes for drug abusers Outline drug control laws Interviews are also one of the most convenient ways of data collection for reports projects and investigations as they provide first hand information from the correspondent. The interview is also flexible in the since that follow up questions can be asked, also clarity of the question can be made if the respondent does not understand. Even though it has overwhelming advantages one of its major problems maybe that the correspondent may feel like shy to give out information and in that case the interviewer can solve the problem by assuring the correspondent that whatever he/she is being interviewed for will be considered confidential at all costs. For our research, interviews were conducted with the relevant agencies/organizations. Firstly we set an appointment with them and informing them of our objectives.

Essay --

Citizen Kane’s director Orson Wells and Double Indemnity’s director Billy Wilder both used specific techniques to create an intensified form of realism in their respective films. This realism was developed in order to ensure the delivery of their film’s message about human nature that people will do anything if they truly feel that they can get away with it. Both directors worked to establish a world in their films that would seem believable to audiences so that their ultimate truths would have a larger impact on those who watched. Wilder used his world of film noir to reveal the truth that a law-abiding man such as Walter Neff could be persuaded to commit murder with little influence because he believed that he could manipulate the system and not receive punishment for his crime. Wells created a world that would allow for a â€Å"larger than life† persona such as Charles Foster Kane who felt that he could do as he pleased and use the influence of his vast wealth to make it happen. Throughout the rest of this paper I will illustrate how each director used techniques associated with realism in film to show the audience why the characters believe they can act without consequence, the process in which they act, and finally that the events transpired are truthful because the audience is seeing them in retrospective. As previously stated, the thriller of Double Indemnity occurs in a world known as film noir. This style of film has very specific characteristics that let it achieve a more realistic feel to audiences than other studio productions. In Carl Richardson’s book Autopsy: An Element of Realism in Film Noir he states that the film style â€Å"depicted life in odd ways, distorted for the sake of entertainment, but they also allowe... ...he news. The audience sees that the men have already committed their acts and are now dealing with the consequences, even though they had thought they would escape them. The hyper-realism that Orson Wells and Billy Wilder established in their films helped them create a believable truth for their audiences that people with do anything if they feel they can escape the consequences. The realistic film environments that they created allowed them to show an audience why their characters believed they could act this way, the process in which they acted, and finally that they had already committed the acts because the audience was merely hearing the recollection of events. The men may have not gotten the results that they had planned for, but Wells and Wilder were successful in creating a realistic world that would help their message better be received by their viewers.

Becoming and effective scholar practitioner

The scientific revolution has been concerned with scientific discoveries for the growth of the scientific discipline. Scientific experiments and researches were conducted for the pursuit of knowledge, to gather information to support theoretical assumptions, to test objective hypothesis which was directed at finding a means of understanding man and the world we live in.In this period, scientific endeavors was conducted because a scientist had a question he desires to find answers to and experimenting in the strict academic rigors was the only way to do it.The knowledge gained from these experiments enabled man to develop the atomic bomb, to fly airplanes, to invent the telephone, to recognize that hysteria is a mental disease and that human beings came from the apes. The scientific discoveries of those times were pursued for the sake of discovery, for widening what was previously known and accepted (Lambert & Brittan, 1987). After this long period, it was only then that science becam e an applied science. Scientific endeavors were now geared towards how the experiment or research study influenced certain aspects of human life.For example, the science of psychology came at the forefront of social awareness when tests were developed to classify the intelligence level of American soldiers. The objective of scientific disciplines then became the application of the scientific method/process to improve man’s quality of life. Thus, the focus was how technological advancements made work less physically demanding, how household appliances helped overworked housewives, how intelligence tests improved instructional quality and the educational system, how counseling and psychotherapy enabled people to lead more meaningful lives and etc.With every scientific application of a certain field, social ramifications and ethical issues arise(Lambert & Brittan, 1987), for example, the increasing practice of having humans as subjects in experimental studies which exposed them to psychological trauma was questioned in terms of its ethical or unethical status. The use of intelligence testing to label children or adults as idiots, to classify homosexuality as a mental disorder and a host of now defunct and challenged assumptions was a manifestation that social responsibility and social awareness was increasing.People were beginning to question the validity and reliability of experimental studies, the preference for quantitative studies using statistics enabled practitioners to be within the scientific and objective traditions which also contributed to the highly quantitative research methods. Psychology can be classified as a modern science; it has found its strength in the application of its scientific nature to almost every facet of human life that it has become so popular and everyone to some degree practices psychology (Stoltenberg, Pace, Kashubeck-West, Biever, Patterson & Welch, 2000).However, there is a clear distinction between scholar-practitioners and practical psychology. Scholar-practitioners do not stop with simply practicing their field of specialization, but they rather seek to test, to develop and to explore the past, the present and the future of psychological inquiry (Peterson, 2000). Scholar-practitioners effect social change by their work and their adherence to the scientific tradition of academic investigation.For example, a scholar-practitioner of psychotherapy finds that the previous techniques he had adhered to is not as effective as it used to be, so he tries out a different method and then painstakingly record every session and then formulate an improved or an entirely new technique. He then develops it into a working theory and then test it out on his practice for years and until he finds evidence to support his claims, he then publishes it in peer-reviewed journals where it will be subjected to the scrutiny of other scholar-practitioners who have years of experience, continued their professional growth and adhered to the scientific method.The scholar-practitioner’s work does not end here, he will continue to test, modify and write about his theory for the rest of his life. With the study of school psychology of learning difficulties, we are now able to identify, diagnose and provide interventions for learning challenged children, in the past these children have been labeled as slow learners, disabled, abnormal and thus there were no adequate programs to answer their needs (Prilleltensky, 1997).Scholar-practitioners who specialize in counseling may have come across teens and adults who are undecided about their sexuality, this brought into social consciousness that homosexuality or bisexuality is not a disease and that it is often a choice that individuals make in terms of their sexual preference, backed by years of data and research, the public has become more receptive to homosexuals than before, although much more is needed to help them feel normal and not as deviants. How do scholar-practitioners choose the topic or the question that they would like to work on?The key is the strong attunement of the scholar-practitioner to the contemporary issues of the present society, in the field of study, in the psychological discipline. Being knowledgeable of what pressing concerns the discipline of psychology is facing will help the scholar-practitioner steer his work in answering the need for studying and investigating this aspect. It is also important that with an inquisitive and critical mind is the training and the ability to work within the scientific model.It is also important that scholar-practitioners adhere to the concept that psychology is a science and not a part of the popular culture as it has been utilized by money making self-help book authors. A scholar-practitioner enriches his knowledge and skills of the filed of specialization through his practice, but what enables him to dissect, to theorize, to formulate hypotheses and to effect change is the mastery and experience of scientific research methods.When the scientific mind works together with the practical application, the practitioner grows in leaps and bounds in terms of his professional acumen and as a person of honesty and integrity. References Lambert, K. & Brittan Jr. , G. (1987). An introduction to the philosophy of science 3rd ed. California: Ridgeview Publishing Company. Peterson, D. (2000). Scientist-practitioner or scientific-practitioner? American Psychologist, 55;2, 252-253. Prilleltensky, I. (1997). Values, assumptions, and practices: Assessing the moral implications of psychological discourse and action. American Psychologist, 52; 5, 517-535. Stoltenberg, C. , Pace, T. , Kashubeck-West, S. , Biever, J. , Patterson, T. & Welch, I. (2000). Training models in counseling psychology: Scientist-practitioner versus practitioner-scholar. The Counseling Psychologist, 28, 622-640.

Oscar Wilde s The Picture Of Dorian Gray - 1998 Words

Rackshana Sithirasenan Mr. Cimetta ENG4U1-01 24 November 2014 Dorian’s Pursuit Towards Hedonism Dorian Gray once told Henry The soul . . . can be bought, and sold. It can be poisoned, or made perfect (Wilde 213). Likewise, it would not be beneficial for one to sacrifice their soul with an exception of exchanging it in order to attain perfection. Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray explores the themes and ideologies of Hedonism and Aestheticism. Hedonists believe that pleasure is the most important aspect in life and can be obtained when one denies their moral instincts to partake in sensual activities, essentially neglecting their soul. Aestheticism focuses on the principle that art serves no purpose and exists for the sake of beauty alone in which critics illustrated the attitudes of the movement through The Yellow Book. Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray, introduces the protagonist, Dorian Gray, as a young and handsome male during the Victorian Era in England. The story commences with Basil Hallward, a painter , using Dorian as his model. Meanwhile Lord Henry preys on the young lad to encourage him to engage in the Hedonistic lifestyle. More so, the portrait of Dorian presented by Basil represents Dorian’s soul. Immoral decisions made by Dorian slowly alter his portrait for the worse and ultimately mirrors the unsightliness of Dorian’s persona. Lord Henry furthers his projection of Hedonism onto Dorian by presenting a book which reiterates philosophies ofShow MoreRelatedOscar Wilde s The Picture Of Dorian Gray1544 Words   |  7 Pagescelebrity I find that it is inevitable to avoid being a part of some sort of controversy. At the height of Oscar Wilde’s career is where he found himself in just that. Although Wilde’s novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray is praised today, in the late 1800s it was seen by others as a negative shift in society and literature. In the film â€Å"Wilde†, after the release of The Picture of Dorian Gray, Wilde’s wife Constan ce and his mother Jane have a conversation in regards to the novel that gives insight toRead MoreOscar Wilde s The Picture Of Dorian Gray Essay1517 Words   |  7 Pagesin connection with Dorian demonstrates how he tries to live surrounded by exquisite sensations. As Oscar Wilde once said, â€Å" Beauty is above genius, because it does not require understanding.† This shows that beauty is everything no matter who it s towards. Oscar Wilde was a well known author for his brilliant wit, his style in writing , and infamous imprisonment for homosexuality. He shows his great works in the novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray, which is about how Dorian Gray meets Lord Henry WottonRead MoreOscar Wilde s The Picture Of Dorian Gray1656 Words   |  7 Pagesstill embraced some radical views that today we would associate as prudishness and repression. In 1890, author Oscar Wilde wrote The Picture of Dorian Gray and submitted it to Lippincott’s Monthly Magazine. The magazineâ€℠¢s editor, J.M. Stoddert, immediately declined the novel and determined that it would offend the sensibilities of his readership (Wilde x). It was believed that Oscar Wilde’s book contained explicit sexual, especially homosexual, content which contradicted the time period of theRead MoreOscar Wilde s The Picture Of Dorian Gray1040 Words   |  5 PagesCorruption can do many things. It can lead to unstable lifestyles, pollute minds and bring on the downfall of just about anything or anyone. One of the best examples would be from the story, Dorian gray by Oscar Wilde. This story showed a young Dorian living his innocent life, only to be surrounded and influenced by the corrupt society around him and would ultimately lead to his demise. It is not easy to define corruption as a whole. But to narrow it down, corruption is mainly associated with briberyRead MoreOscar Wilde s The Picture Of Dorian Gray1049 Words   |  5 PagesKevin McElroyIn The Picture of Dorian Gray, the autho r Oscar Wilde relays the message to the reader that youth decays with age but value and beauty does not. The character Dorian Gray mourned his stage of youth through the portrait instead of having cherished the times he experienced. This use of symbolism through the portrait is Wilde s way of expressing this theme. This main symbol is the portrait itself as the author uses it to gradually reveal Dorian’s true identity. Dorian Gray is an attractiveRead MoreOscar Wilde s The Picture Of Dorian Gray1644 Words   |  7 PagesLooking back on Oscar Wilde s life, there are many realizations that he struggled finding something that suited him best with his type of work. A man of the 19th century, who is best known for his only novella The Picture of Dorian Gray and his play The Importance of Being Earnest as well as his infamous arrest, imprisonment and being a gay author leading to his downfall. Oscar Wilde who was known as a playwright, author, sometime poet, and also a not very mo tivated school student, still came toRead MoreOscar Wilde s The Picture Of Dorian Gray2021 Words   |  9 PagesMcNeight English Lit II 3/1/15 Dorian Gray: A Battle With One’s Self Oscar Wilde’s â€Å"The Picture of Dorian Gray† is a story that focuses on the journey of an innocent and pure man, and his downward spiral of giving into temptation and committing crime, and living a life of pleasure. The story is centered around the idea of aestheticism. Everything is beautiful, the thought of something having any kind of â€Å"moral† meaning is just absurd. â€Å"The Picture of Dorian Gray† by Oscar Wilde both honors and condemnsRead MoreOscar Wilde s The Picture Of Dorian Gray1295 Words   |  6 Pages It is apparent that vanity, sin, and beauty are the key elements found in The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde. But, where do these elements originate from? What is the reason behind man’s internal need to pursue sin or his ideal sense of beauty that, on occasion, leads to his vanity? In The Picture of Dorian Gray, Oscar Wilde explores naturalism through the use of symbolism and the tools of characterization, such as sp eech, action, interiority, the narrator, and the actions of other charactersRead MoreAnalysis of Oscar Wilde ´s The Picture of Dorian Gray590 Words   |  2 Pages The Picture of Dorian Gray The difference between art and life is quite simple, art is created and imagined by an artist and life is a representation of the living and the actuality of experiencing situations. Conversely, in the novel The Picture of Dorian Gray, Oscar Wilde demonstrates how the main characters mistake art for life, and life for art. Through The Picture of Dorian Gray, Oscar Wilde reveals the proper perspective for life and art, art has the ability to stand alone in society withoutRead MoreLiterary Criticism Of Oscar Wilde s The Canterville Ghost And The Picture Of Dorian Gray Essay2157 Words   |  9 PagesAnalysis of characters, plot and literary criticism of Oscar Wilde’s Novel â€Å"The Canterville Ghost† and â€Å"The Picture of Dorian Gray† Oscar Wilde was an Irish playwright, novelist, poet, and critic. He is viewed as one of the best dramatists of the Victorian Era. Besides literary accomplishments, he is also famous, or perhaps or notorious, for his intelligence, showiness, and affairs with men. He was tried and imprisoned for his homosexual relationship (then considered a crime)